发挥贵州煤资源优势,加快煤化工的发展

对贵州煤化工现状进行的描述，指出从煤气化路线出发，以煤制合成气制得氮和甲醇为重点，建立大型煤化工装置并发展其下游产品，是贵州当前煤化工发展的方向。     

变压吸附提纯二氧化碳技术应用

中石油兰州石化公司化肥厂由于原料的改变,二氧化碳回收率无法满足氨碳平衡,对合成氨装置低温甲醇洗单元进行了改造,利用变压吸附技术回收甲醇洗单元脱碳塔五段汽提废气中的二氧化碳,保证化肥装置的氨碳平衡.     

有机碱对莰烯直接乙酰化的影响

研究了在含氮有机碱存在下的莰烯直接乙酰化反应，结果表明，在反应中加入与莰烯等摩尔的六氢吡啶，有利于莰烯乙酰化反应，在反应液中的酰化产物ω－乙酰基莰烯含量最高达到56％，大大超过异构化产物乙酸异冰片酯。     

稳定工艺条件解决氮肥生产中的亏氨问题

介绍了解决氮肥厂亏氨问题的８点经验：提高合成放空气中的甲烷含量，不随放氨带放气，选好放空点，保持冰机出口压力和氨贮槽压力，严格控制各级氨冷温度，用好催化剂，消除跑、冒、滴漏，搞好三气氨回收。     

变压吸附富氧工艺用于合成氨制气过程的技术经济分析

本文介绍了变压吸附法制备富氧空气用于合成氨造气系统的新工艺，并对５００００ｔ／ａ合成氨厂进行了技术经济评估。结果表明，同间歇法气化相比，该技术工艺先进且具有显著的经济效益。     

Consequences of different cutting regimes on regrowth and nutrient stoichiometry of Sparganium erectum L. and Potamogeton natans L.

Aquatic vegetation forms an essential component in freshwater ecosystems but due to changed environmental and anthropogenic conditions often needs management to reduce nuisance for human land‐use. In this paper, the authors looked at the regrowth of two macrophyte species (Potamogeton natans and Sparganium erectum) in two lowland rivers under different cutting treatments. After an initial cross‐sectional transect was manually removed from bank to bank at the beginning of the growth season, a monthly repetitive removal of biomass in plots on that transect was done during the rest of the growth season (testing frequency of mowing). Additional new transects were also cut in subsequent months (testing timing of mowing). Finally, biomass was repetitively removed in plots in those additional transects too (testing frequency of mowing × timing of mowing). The biomass at the end of the growth season was analysed for C, N, P, and Si. It was demonstrated that timing and frequency of vegetation cutting has an important effect on the capacity and rate of species' recovery and therefore on the efficiency of the applied management. Nutrient stoichiometry of the regrown biomass was directly affected by cutting. Caused by differences in the applied timing and frequency of the cutting, C/N and N/P ratios and BSi concentrations were highly variable. Yet, overall, there was a clear tendency towards a higher C/N ratio and BSi concentration and lower N/P ratio in biomass that recovered after cutting. This human impact on the quantity and quality of autochthonous organic matter may have knock‐on effects on the decomposers food web and mineralization process.     

10℃下K~+,Ca~(2+)//Cl~-,SO_4~(2-),36%NH_3-H_2O体系相图的研究

为了探讨CaSO4·2H2O和KCl复分解生产K2SO4的工艺及最佳生产条件,特用恒温法研究了10℃K+,Ca2+//Cl?,SO42?,36%NH3-H2O体系相图。溶剂NH3-H2O中氨的浓度之所以选为36%,目的在于扩大K2SO4及CaSO4·K2SO4·H2O的结晶区;反应温度选为10℃,可降低氨的蒸气压。研究结果表明:在上述条件下,体系中存在K2SO4和CaSO4·K2SO4·H2O、CaSO4·K2SO4·H2O和CaSO4?2H2O的共饱线;存在K2SO4-CaSO4·K2SO4·H2O-KCl以及CaSO4·2H2O-CaSO4·K2SO4·H2O-KCl的三盐共饱点;K2SO4结晶区要比25℃,溶剂NH3-H2O中氨的浓度为25%的同体系相图大得多;K2SO4-CaSO4·K2SO4·H2O-KCl的三盐共饱点更偏向氯化钙一角,因此有利于CaSO4?2H2O和KCl复分解生产K2SO4;最佳工艺条件为2KCl(mol):CaSO4(mol):36%NH3-H2O(kg)=1:0.9023:0.5740,KCl的理论转化率可达90.22%;若想进一步提高KCl的理论转化率,必须加大氨的浓度。     

含碳氨水集成分离新技术的应用

通过应用含碳氨水集成分离技术改造氨回收装置，提高了分离效率及处理通量，经济与环保效益显著，氨回收率达９９％，处理量提高６０％，塔阻力下降８０％，蒸汽耗量下降４２％，装置出口废液含氨量达国家一级排放标准。     

ESTIMATION OF VAPOR PRESSURES OF ORGANIC NITROGEN AND SULFUR COMPOUNDS BY A GROUP-CONTRIBUTION METHOD

The group-contribution method for vapor pressures of hydrocarbons and organic compounds containing nitrogen or sulfur, based on the kinetic theory of fluids, is revised and extended to include new groups containing nitrogen or sulfur. Good representation is obtained for vapor pressure data in the region 1.30-270 kPa. The method may be used to estimate vapor pressures and enthalpies of vaporization for those organic fluids containing nitrogen or sulfur, where no experimental data are available.     

氮掺杂纳米TiO_2改性涂料及其抗菌性能

将自制的氮掺杂锐钛矿型纳米二氧化钛光催化剂作为功能性组分,加入耐光催化氧化的硅丙乳胶涂料中,制备出一种新型光催化功能性建筑涂料,实现了可见光光催化效应。使用紫外-可见光吸收光谱研究该功能性涂料对紫外线的吸收能力;采用菌落计数法研究该涂料在可见光照射下对金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭性能。同时分析了纳米粉体种类、引入量及方式对涂料紫外线的吸收性能和抗菌性能的影响。